Table 1 Clinical and biochemical characteristics of healthy control subjects and Type 1 diabetic patients with microvascular complications (DMCx) and without complications (DMNoCx).

52

47

40

44

41 (14)

38 (14)

41 (14)

39 (14)

0.56

0

18 (12)^b

27 (13)

22 (13)

23.6 (2.9)

24.9 (3.4)^b

27.6 (4.9)^a

26.0 (4.2)

0.004

5.1 (0.5)

8.1 (1.3)^a

8.4 (1.2)^a

8.2 (1.3)

< 0.001

4.8 (0.4)

12.9 (5.4)^a

13.2 (5.8)^a

12.9 (5.5)

< 0.001

118 (12)

125 (12)^b

136 (15)^a

130 (15)

< 0.001

69 (10)

70 (9)^b

75 (10)

72 (10)

0.16

49 (8)

55 (8)^{a, b}

61 (10)^a

57 (9)

< 0.001

18.1 (5.1)

16.7 (5.6)

15.7 (5.0)

16.2 (5.3)

0.082

7.7 (2.8)

6.7 (3.0)^b

5.1 (2.7)^a

6.0 (3.0)

0.007

0.08 (0.08-0.09)

0.08 (0.08-0.09)^b

0.10 (0.09-0.11)^a

0.09 (0.09-0.1)

0.06

5.4 (5.0-5.9)

5.2 (4.9-5.6)^b

7.7 (6.6-9.0)^a

6.1 (5.7-6.7)

0.15

0.81 (0.76-0.86)

0.75 (0.72-0.78)^b

0.97 (0.83-1.14)

0.83 (0.78-0.9)

0.76

92 (85-100)

99 (93-106)^b

83 (74-95)

92 (87-98)

0.95

0.50 (0.32-0.77)

0.73 (0.60-0.89)^b

5.41 (2.87-10.18)^a

1.75 (1.24-2.47)

0.003

0

18^{a, b}

70^a

41

< 0.001

5.0 (0.9)

4.8 (1.0)^a

5.4 (0.9)

5.1 (1.0)

0.67

0.79 (0.64-0.98)

0.88 (0.78-1.00)

1.12 (0.95-1.32)^a

0.98 (0.89-1.08)

0.06

3.0 (0.8)

2.9 (1.0)

3.1 (0.9)

3.0 (1.0)

0.93

1.6 (0.4)

1.5 (0.5)

1.6 (0.5)

1.6 (0.5)

0.66

0.4

13

36^a

23

0.01

5.6 (5.2-6.1)

6.2 (5.8-6.7)

7.0 (6.3-7.7)^a

6.5 (6.2-6.9)

0.02

4.8 (3.7-6.3)

7.0 (5.7-8.6)^b

10.9 (8.5-14.3)^a

8.4 (7.1-9.9)

0.002

0.91 (0.58-1.42)

1.46 (1.10-1.95)

1.63 (1.15-2.31)

1.58 (1.27-1.96)

0.03

250 (42)

296 (53)^a

319 (59)^a

307 (58)

< 0.001

594 (178)

602 (173)

662 (137)

629 (164)

0.36

47 (25)

63 (24)

66 (23)^a

64 (23)

0.002

38 (31-45)

45 (40-51)

44 (38-49)

44

0.12

14

26

9

19

0.36

3

4

16

9

0.33