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Table 1 Signaling pathways/factors that regulate Notch ligand expression in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells

From: Novel insights into the differential functions of Notch ligands in vascular formation

Pathway/factor

Ligand

Cell type

Biological effect

References

VEGF

Dll4 (↑)

Endothelial cells

Arterial specification

[22, 24, 27]

  

Endothelial tip cell formation in sprouting angiogenesis

 

[23, 25, 26, 28]

TNFα

Dll4 (↓) Jagged1 (↑)

Endothelial cells

Tip cell and stalk cell selection

[52]

VEGF + FGF2

(synergistic)

Dll1 (↑)

Endothelial cells

Ischemia-induced postnatal arteriogenesis

[38]

PDGF/angiotensin II

Jagged1 (↓)

Smooth muscle cells

Growth regulation

[45]

Jagged1 (endothelial)

Jagged1 (↑)

Mural cells

Smooth muscle cell maturation

[21]

  1. ↑, Upregulation; ↓, Downregulation.
  2. VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; FGF, Fibroblast growth factor; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor